Stem cells play a crucial role in development, regeneration, and biotechnology. This course explores stem cell functionality and the molecular mechanisms that regulate them. Students examine advances in biotechnology, current challenges in the field, and ethical considerations surrounding stem cell research and applications. Discussions include the impact of biotechnology on medicine. Prerequisite: BIOL 133 and (BIOL 223 or BIOL 224 or BIOL 233 or BIOL 243).